The main principle of a thermos cup is to utilize the phase change process of materials to absorb and release heat.

A thermos cup, also known as a cold storage tank, is a device used to store and release cold energy. It is widely applied in fields such as data centers, food processing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It can not only meet the cooling needs within a specific time but also balance the load of the cooling system, improving the system's performance and energy efficiency. The core of its functionality lies in the use of so-called Phase Change Materials (PCM), which can transition between solid and liquid states while absorbing or releasing a significant amount of heat with almost no change in temperature.

The working principle of a thermos cup is based on the phase change of materials, where PCM solidifies at low temperatures and melts at high temperatures, absorbing or releasing energy during these changes. In locations such as data centers, where electricity supply might be unstable, thermos cups can temporarily store cold energy to ensure the system continues to operate until power supply is restored.

Thermos cups are typically used in conjunction with other cooling equipment like chillers or air conditioning systems. Through precise design and control, the thermos cup can release or store cooling capacity as needed. In practical design, however, designers often omit one pipe, leading to the destruction of the thermocline when the storage tank is charged with cold water entering from the top. A reasonable design can effectively avoid this issue.

Moreover, the role of thermos cups is not limited to storing cold energy. They also balance the load variations of the cooling system, allowing the system to release stored cold energy during high loads and absorb extra cold energy during low loads. This regulatory capability enables the system to operate more stably while improving energy efficiency and reducing energy wastage due to load fluctuations. In fields like food processing and pharmaceutical manufacturing, thermos cups also play a crucial role by maintaining a low-temperature environment to ensure product quality and safety.

In summary, the design and implementation of thermos cups require consideration of various factors, including the working environment, cooling needs, and the performance of supporting equipment. Effective design can enhance the system's flexibility and responsiveness, which is crucial for ensuring the continuous operation of critical facilities in emergency situations. Especially in key infrastructures such as data centers, the role of thermos cups is not only as an alternative cold source but also a vital link in ensuring system stability and safety.